Which term can be described as a publicly released software security update intended to repair a vulnerability?

The answer is "Patch"

Explanation:

In the given statement some information is missing, that is options, which can be described as follows:

a) update

b) renewal

c) patch

d) service pack

In software security, patches are also known as a fix flaws in cyber-criminal applications, it may be used to obtain unauthorized access for your computer and records. It is used in all OS, and other options were wrong, which can be explained as follows:

Option a, that is "Update" is uses to add new features in the software. Option b, that is "renewal" is part of SDLC, that's why it is wrong. Option d, that is "service pack" is used in the windows.