What is the minimum number of bits you need to encode the 26 letters of the alphabet plus a space? Pace?

Answer

5 bits

Explanation

A bit is the least or the smallest unit of data in a computer. They are the units of information in information theory, consisting of the amount of information required to specify one of two alternatives 0 and 1. This is because A bit has a single binary value, either 0 or 1

If you use roman alphabet A to Z lets use log 2 (26) = 4.7 bits. when you round off it will be 5 bits.