What information is stored in the file system?

The file system store all the related files of the operating system and also their information such as file name, location, directory hierarchy etc.

Explanation:

Basically a file system FAT (file allocation table) which contains all sorts of file present in the operating system, it can viewed s a database with index present or accessing different files from the FAT. File systems contains information from various devices such as DVDs, flashdrives.

Example Windows contain file system such as FAT, NTFS and exFAT