The Greek alphabet has 24 distinct lowercase letters. How many bits are needed to be able to encode any single lowercase Greek letter

You need 5 bits to encode al the 24 greek distinct lowercase letters.

Explanation:

o encode 24 greek distinct lowercase letters, you should be able to write in binary language 24 different combinations.

With 1 bit you have only 2 possible combinations. Not enough.

With 2 bit you have only 4 possible combinations. Not enough.

With 3 and 4 bit you have only 8 and 16 possible combinations. Not enough.

With 5 bit you have 32 possible combinations. This is enough to encode all the 24 Greek letters.