Which movement started with Russian playwrights such as Chekhov?

A. Realism

B. Naturalism

C. Darwinism

D. Early modernism

The correct answer is A. Realism.

Explanation:

In the second half of the nineteenth century the Russian authors could not ignore the social and political complexity of their country, and they turned everyday life and the common individual into the main theme of their work, currently called Russian Realism. It is a consequence of the social circumstances of the time:

Urban growth. Appearance of the proletariat. Consolidation of the bourgeoisie as the controlling class. The industrialization.