Explain the ways in which Bouteflika tried to restore stability to Algeria, especially in 2005.

As in many Arabic-speaking countries, the government faced calls for democratic change in 2011, but protests did not reach the scale seen elsewhere. Nonetheless Mr Bouteflika announced a programme of constitutional change to avert pressure for more radical reform. Passed in 2016, the changes restored the presidential two-term limit and expanded parliament's powers, but critics dismissed them as superficial. When he first became president in 1999, Mr Bouteflika promised to restore national harmony and to end years of bloodshed. He released thousands of Muslim militants and won backing for a civil concord that offered an amnesty to armed militants. Many of the rebels accepted and violence declined. Voters backed a second amnesty for the remaining militants, laid out in the president's "charter for peace and reconciliation", in a 2005 referendum.