How do honeybee colonies recognize intruder

They use their sense of smell ...

Explanation:

Bees know what the bees within their hive smell like.

Intruders will smell different and they will sting the intruder.

(Interesting fact: When honey bees sting, they release pheromones that stir up nearby bees. One stinging bee can turn into hundreds or even thousands of stinging bees in just a short time.)

the identify intruders through smell and through chemicals One of the first ways that bees protect themselves is by building their hive in a very secret spot ... Another way that bees will defend themselves is by stinging. Ouch! Female bees have a stinger on the end of their body and they will use it to sting something that might be threatening it.