Cold climates with low precipitation are common in what regions

The answer is - polar regions and their surrounding area.

The polar regions, the Arctic on the north, and the Antarctic on the south are characterized by very cold climates with very low precipitation, also some of the islands that are in close proximity like Greenland (note that the coastal parts of Greenland are excluded from this). They either have very short summers (like the coastal parts of the Arctic), which are also pretty cold or don't have summers at all (like the majority of the Antarctic). The precipitation is on the same level as the deserts, though people often think it's snowing all the time in this regions because of the snow that flows around which in fact is just the snow from the ground that is transported by the cold winds, so these regions are rightfully called as cold/polar deserts.

It usually happens in polar regions such as the Arctic Basin in the Arctic. the place experiences dry winters with low cyclones. Some would describe it as a desert. The Barrent and Norwegian seas are also known for being ice free. Another is Greenland, has parts near the coastal areas that are ice free because of the heat coming from the waters unlike the inland which is covered with ice.