The colors and patterns of the viceroy a butterfly are similar to the monarch butterfly however the viceroy caterpillars don't feed on milkweed. How does tge viceroy butterfly benefit from this adaption of its appearance? Under what circumstance would this adaption not beneift the viceroy? why?

Well the monarch butterfly and the viceroy have the same patterns and colors because of mimicry but there's something different about those two butterflies the monarch butterfly is poisonous and the viceroy is not so if some bird tries to eat one of these butterflies and pics the wrong one the monarch butterfly will leave him with a poisonous mouth

Well, it mimics the monarch. Look up mimicry and see what you find.