Taking away a person's ability to vote is referred to as chattel slavery suffrage disenfranchisement.

The answer is disfranchisement. This is when you take away a person’s right to vote. This occurs when laws are discriminatory or unfair. In some cases, they ask for too much just so a person can vote. In the United States, at first only white men of property could vote, then all white men, then Blacks, then women and then Native Americans until finally all who are of voting age can vote.