Which statement is false?

a. Georges-Louis Leclerc suggested that earth was much older than previously believed.

b. Jean-Baptiste Lamarck suggested living species might change over time.

c. Thomas Malthus suggested that all species were not created at the same time.

d. Charles Lyell argued that geological forces had gradually shaped the earth and continued to do so.

e. Georges Cuvier documented discoveries of fossils and showed that extinction had occurred.

The correct answer is: c) Thomas Malthus suggested that all species were not created at the same time.

Explanation:

Thomas Robert Malthus was known mainly for his contribution to political economy and demography, through the "Malthusian Doctrine". His most important idea referred to the fact that population grows at a geometrical rate, whereas natural resources (food supply) grows at an arithmetic rate. This fact would ultimately lead to famines and a natural population decrease.

Although his thoughts and doctrine influenced the Darwinian evolution theory, Malthus didn't write about the creation of species, as opposed to Leclerc, Lamarck, Lyell and Cuvier, who studied biological processes more than political, economic or demographic ones.