Name and explain five combining factors that changed Europe from a once flourishing Roman Empire into what we now know as middle ages

The Franks

A group of Germanic tribes. In the 8th century they established the Carolingian rule. Perhaps the most famous leader was Charlemagne.

Convents

a Christian community under monastic vow

Monasteries

a building or buildings occupied by a community of monks living under religious vows.

Estates-General

the legislative body in France until 1789, representing the three estates of the realm

Crusade

a medieval military expedition, one of a series made by Europeans to recover the Holy Land from the Muslims