Which came first, sophisticated

societies or farming?

Sophisticated/Complex societies came first.

Explanation:

Complex societies came first as during the human evolution, the early developed primates started as hunters and gatherers. Later when they began to settle in places for a long period, they started discovering new vegetation and various things related to it such as, how they grow, what is required for the growth, etc.

All this later turned into farming practices as settling at a place permanently required a fixed source of nutrition and farming was one of the solutions to these problems.