What long-term and short-term effect did European exploration have on African kingdoms and peoples?

European exploration in terms of a short-term effect on African kingdoms and peoples was demonstrative of colonization. The Trans Atlantic slave trade was one of the consequences of this colonization. There were many Africans that were taken from their homes and put into chattel slavery. A long term implication of this European colonization has been the massive wealth and income disparity between Africans and Europeans.