summarize the political gains blacks hoped to gain after the passage of the 13th amendment and how did white southeners respond to these ideas

The amendment prohibiting slavery was ratified by the US Congress in 1865, after it was adopted by the necessary three quarters of the states (27 of the 36 existing then). The Thirteenth Amendment prohibited slavery and forced labor, except for punishing a crime. In particular, section IV of article IV was also amended, which had previously forbidden to facilitate the escape of slaves. However, some southern states at first refused to accept the amendment and did so only after some time.