An Islamic city that became a great cultural and scientific center in which mosques, schools, libraries, and even universities were established and cohorts of scholars emerged from it. Which is it?

It was Timbuktu.

Explanation:

Timbuktu's lasting contribution to Islamic and world civilization is learning and knowledge. It is believed that Timbuktu was one of the first universities in the world. Since the 14th century, important books have been written and rewritten in Timbuktu, which has established the city as a significant center of written tradition in Africa.