Which statement best describes how the US Constitution affects the separation of powers in the federal government? It divides government into three branches, overseen by the president. It guarantees that separate branches of government have similar powers. It divides government into three branches with separate powers. It guarantees that separate branches of government have unlimited powers.

The correct option is C

C. It divides government into three branches with separate powers

The doctrine of separation of power owes its origin to the political thoughts of Lord Montesquieu. it is defined by the fact that the government is divided into three separate, and independent branches namely executive, legislature, and judiciary with distinctive powers. The doctrine of separation of powers ensures checks and balances.