How did the Second New Deal differ from the First?

New Deal is the name given by the President of the United States Franklin Delano Roosevelt to his interventionist policy put in place to combat the effects of the Great Depression in the United States. This program took place between 1933 and 1938, with the aim of supporting the poorest strata of the population, achieving innovative reform of the financial markets and revitalizing an American economy bruised since the crash of 1929 by unemployment and bankruptcies.

There are commonly two New Deals: the first, which took place mostly in 1933, aimed at improving the situation in the short term. There were bank reform laws, emergency social assistance programs, work assistance programs, and agricultural programs. The government made significant investments and enabled access to financial resources through various government agencies. Economic results were mixed, but the situation improved.

The "Second New Deal" spanned between 1935 and 1938, highlighting a redistribution of resources and power on a larger scale, with union protection laws, the Social Security Act, as well as assistance programs for farmers and itinerant workers. However, the Supreme Court ruled many reforms as unconstitutional, and parts of the programs were quickly replaced, with the exception of the National Recovery Administration. The second New Deal was much more expensive than the first, and widened the public deficit.

The second new deal saw FDR shifts to the left as conservatives and leftist critics assailed the new deal programs, FDR now openly criticized big businesses for inability to support new deals