12. Which resource first attracted Portuguese explorers to the region of West Africa?

A. copper

B. iron ore

C. hardwoods

D. gold

Gold resource first attracted Portuguese explorers to the region of West Africa.

Answer: Option D

Explanation:

Although it was not a part of their agenda, the Portuguese exploring the West African coast was an unexpected expedition. The west African countries like Ghana, Benin, Songhai, Mali and Kongo boasted a rich history of civilizations.

The arrival of the Portuguese created a demand for gold in Portugal as West Africa boasted a lot of gold reserves, leading to supply of gold resources from West African nations to Portugal. It was shipped directly.