What is an appropriate title for the map?

Italian City-States and Trade Routes

The Crusades

The Byzantine Empire at Its Height

European Exploration and Conquest

The answer is option A.

Explanation:

The major trade routes moved goods across the Sahara Desert between Western and Central Africa and the Mediterranean ports. A major trade route went from Timbuktu across the Sahara to Sijilmasa. However, complex long - range trading routes developed in a few short centuries. Specialists known as merchants,

The first one, Italian city_states and trade routes