how did fundamentalist feel about the teaching of evolution in classrooms in America?

Fundamentalism is an all or nothing proposition. Either the Bible is the literal word of god which is 100% accurate in all things, or it isn't. There is no middle ground.

If evolution is true, then the whole thing falls apart at step one. The book is "wrong" from page one. Creationists don't want evolution taught in schools because it's teaching every single evolution student that the Bible isn't literally true.

The fact that evolution and Christianity are not mutually exclusive is lost on creationists. The fact that the creation story was clearly written to be a parable and not science isn't something they seem aware of (but to be fair, it's a distinction that a lot of atheists miss as well).