What drew African Americans from the South to cities in the North in the early 1900s?

The primary push factors for migration were segregation, increase in racism, the widespread violence and lack of social and economic opportunities in the South. In the North, they could find better schools and adult men could vote (joined by women after 1920). Burgeoning industries created job opportunities. Some white Southern males were also migrating North in this period for jobs, especially to Detroit and Chicago, because of better job opportunities.