Within resistance movements in India, what area of focus came first and what shifted in their Focus and purpose beginning in the 1930's

"Independence Movement" is quite diffuse, since it covers different movements with similar objectives. The main one was channeled through the National Congress Party, which followed Gandhi's preaching of nonviolent protest and civil disobedience. Also involved in the movement were Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel and Jawaharlal Nehru. Other leaders like Subhash Chandra Bose adopted a military position towards independence.

The independence of India served as a catalyst for similar movements in other parts of the world, which produced the disintegration of the British Empire and its replacement by the Commonwealth. The non-violent movement of Gandhi was the inspiration of other movements, such as the Civil Rights Movement led by Martin Luther King, Jr. and the struggle against Apartheid in South Africa led by Nelson Mandela.

Gandhi left his long imprisonment organizing his most famous campaign, which was the march of salt or march Dandi, 400 km, from his commune in Ahmedabad to Dandi, on the Guyarat coast from March 12 to April 6, 1930. The march was held in protest against taxes on salt and Gandhi and his followers, defying British laws, began to make their own salt using seawater.

In April 1930, violence broke out in Calcutta. Approximately 100,000 people were imprisoned in the course of the disobedience movement between 1930 and 1931. While Gandhi remained in prison, a conference was held in London in November 1930, without the Congress Party being represented. The ban on this Party was lifted by the economic ravages that civil disobedience preached by Gandhi was causing. Gandhi was released, along with other Indian leaders in January 1931.

In short, the movement was born peaceful and ended with riots and acts of violence.