The complexity of the american federal system encourages

Answer: pluralism.

Explanation:

The American federal system encourages the pluralism. Pluralism is view that is related to the liberal democracies power. The power is dispersed among the variety of groups and not just to the single elite or group or elites.

The pluralism assumes the fact that diversity is the beneficial for the society. The authority of rights are used and enjoyed by the functional or cultural groups present within the society. These groups includes the religious groups, professional organizations, trade unions and minorities.