For each example below, determine whether a posit tive, negative or no cause and effect relationship exists

smoking causes lung cancer

amount of time spent at school each day and number of texts sent each day

the amount of licks taken and the size of the tootsie pop

This is perhaps the most odd math question I have ever come across. Anyhow -

#1 - Positive, because smoking increases the chance of having lung cancer. (though technically there is not a linear relationship between the two as people do in fact receive lung cancer even when having not smoked)

#2 - No relationship. (Though one could argue a student may text more when given more free time as a consequence of having spent less time at school, but this is wholly subjective and unable to be substantiated by logic.)

#3 - Negative, due to the mass of the tootsie pop decreasing with each lick.

Of course, I am assuming when you say "positive" and "negative" you are speaking in terms of numbers or addition and subtraction rather than "positive" or "negative" socially.