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25 January, 20:19

A plant can either have a smooth seed (p) or a rough seed (q). Rough seeds are recessive and smooth seeds are dominant. In a population of 100 plants, 32 of them have rough seeds.

p^2 + 2pq + q^2 = 1

a) What is q^2?

b) What is q?

c) What is p?

d) If there are 19 plants with rough seeds in a population of 100, what is the allele frequency for smooth seeds?

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  1. 25 January, 20:31
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    To calculate this, the Hardy-Weinberg principle can be used:

    p² + 2pq + q² = 1 and p + q = 1

    where p and q are the frequencies of the alleles (p - dominant, q - recessive), and p², q² and 2pq are the frequencies of the genotypes.

    a) Since 32 plants have rough seed (recessive genotype: q²) out of 100 plants in total, then

    q² = 32/100 = 0.32

    b) q = √q² = √0.32 = 0.56

    c) Since p + q = 1, then

    p = 1 - q = 1 - 0.56 = 0.44

    d) 19 plants with rough seeds (recessive genotype: q²) in a population of 100 means that q² = 19/100 = 0.19

    We need to calculate p (the allele frequency for smooth seeds).

    We can find q because we know q²:

    q = √q² = √0.19 = 0.44

    Since p + q = 1, then

    p = 1 - q = 1 - 0.4 = 0.56
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