Suppose a professor splits their class into two groups: students whose last names begin with A-K and students whose last names begin with L-Z. If p1 and p2 represent the proportion of students who have an iPhone by last name, would you be surprised if p1 did not exactly equal p2? If we conclude that the first initial of a student's last name is NOT related to whether the person owns an iPhone, what assumption are we making about the relationship between these two variables?

Question

Justice Riddle

Mathematics

17 June, 08:39

Suppose a professor splits their class into two groups: students whose last names begin with A-K and students whose last names begin with L-Z. If p1 and p2 represent the proportion of students who have an iPhone by last name, would you be surprised if p1 did not exactly equal p2? If we conclude that the first initial of a student's last name is NOT related to whether the person owns an iPhone, what assumption are we making about the relationship between these two variables?

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Pablo Kim · Answer 1

a) Even if the distribution of iPhones by last name is completely uniform in the population generally, there is no reason to believe that the proportions in the sample represented by the class will be identical.

I would not be surprised to see p1 ≠ p2.

b) Saying the variables are not related is the same as saying the variables are independent.