Ella has 0.5 lbs of sugar. How much water should she add to make the following concentrations? Tell Ella how much syrup she will have in each case.

5% syrup?

For 50% syrup, add 0.5 lb of water for 1 lb of syrup; for 5% syrup, add 9.5 lb of water for 10 lb of syrup; for 75% syrup, add 0.17 lb of water for 0.67 lb of syrup; for 1.5% syrup, add 32.8 lb of water for 33.3 lb of syrup.

Step-by-step explanation:

Let x represent the amount of water added. This means the total mass of the syrup is represented by 0.5+x.

To find percentages, we divide the part by the whole. For a 50% syrup, we need the part (sugar) compared to the whole (sugar + water) to equal 50%, or 0.50:

Multiply both sides by 0.5+x:

Using the distributive property, we have

0.5 = 0.5 (0.5) + 0.5 (x)

0.5 = 0.25+0.5x

Subtract 0.25 from each side:

0.5-0.25 = 0.25+0.5x-0.25

0.25 = 0.5x

Divide both sides by 0.5:

0.25/0.5 = 0.5x/0.5

x = 0.5

For 50% syrup, add 0.5 lb of water. This makes the total mass 0.5+0.5 = 1 lb.

For 5% syrup, we change the equation to equal 0.05 (5% = 5/100 = 0.05) and leave everything else the same:

Multiply both sides by 0.5+x:

Using the distributive property,

0.5 = 0.05 (0.5) + 0.05 (x)

0.5 = 0.025 + 0.05x

Subtract 0.025 from both sides:

0.5-0.025 = 0.025+0.05x-0.025

0.475 = 0.05x

Divide both sides by 0.05:

0.475/0.05 = 0.05x/0.05

x = 9.5

For 5% syrup, add 9.5 lb of water; the total mass will be 9.5+0.5 = 10 lb.

For 75% syrup, set the equation equal to 0.75:

Using the distributive property,

0.5 = 0.75 (0.5) + 0.75 (x)

0.5 = 0.375 + 0.75x

Subtract 0.375 from each side:

0.5 - 0.375 = 0.375 + 0.75x - 0.375

0.125 = 0.75x

Divide both sides by 0.75:

0.125/0.75 = 0.75x/0.75

0.17 = x

For 75% syrup, add 0.17 lb of water; the total mass is 0.17+0.5 = 0.67 lb.

For 1.5% syrup, set the equation equal to 0.015:

Using the distributive property,

0.5 = 0.015 (0.5) + 0.015 (x)

0.5 = 0.0075 + 0.015x

Subtract 0.0075 from each side:

0.5-0.0075 = 0.0075 + 0.015x - 0.0075

0.4925 = 0.015x

Divide both sides by 0.015:

0.4925/0.015 = 0.015x/0.015

32.8 = x

For 1.5% syrup, use 32.8 lb of water; the total mass is 32.8+0.5 = 33.3 lb.

She has to add 9.5 pounds of water and you will get 10 pounds of syrup