5) In 2000, the balance on Martin's credit card increased by 40%. in 2001, the balance increased by

20%. How does the balance at the end of 2001 compare to the balance of 2000

68 percent higher

Step-by-step explanation:

During 2000 it increases by 40% so by the end of the year it is 140% of what it was at the start, and 140% means 140/100 = 1.4. During 2001 it increases by 20% so by the end of the year it is 120% of what it was at the beginning and 120% means 120/100 = 1.2 so that in those two years it has grown by a factor of 1.4 x 1.2 = 1.68 i. e. it is 168% of what it was at the start of 2000, so it has increased by 68%

The balance at the end of 2001 compares to the balance of 2000 because, the balance in 2000 increased by 20% meaning that however much money Martin had in 2000 was increased by 40% so the amount had 40% added on to it then the result would be later increased by 20%.