If the dog weighs 23 pounds and the cat weighs 5/8 as much as the dog. How many more pounds does the dog weigh?

8 5/8 lb

Step-by-step explanation:

The dog weighs 23 lb and the cat weighs (5/8) (23 lb).

The amount by which the dog's weight exceeds the cat's is

(1) (23 lb) - (5/8) (23 lb), or (3/8) (23 lb) = 69/8 lb, or 8 5/8 lb (answer)

The cat weighs 5/8 the weight of the 23 lb dog. 23 lbs * 5/8 = 14.375 lbs