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26 September, 22:53

The sequence of shifts in the electrical charge of a neuron is called

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  1. 26 September, 23:04
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    The sequence of shifts in the electrical charge of a neuron is called Action Potential.

    Explanation:

    An action potential occurs when a neuron sends information down an axon, away from the cell body. Neuroscientists also use the terms, spike or impulse.

    An Action Potential takes place in four steps:

    Step 1:

    Certain chemicals like neurotransmitters bind to dendrites and open special channels called stimulus gated channels.

    Step 2:

    Here comes depolarization in which neuron undergoes a shift in charge distribution. Charge reaches - 59 mV. Positive sodium ions move into the cell and neuron becomes less negative (positive).

    Step 3:

    Repolarization occurs when the charge reaches a certain limit (30 mV). Na + channels stop and K + channels open resulting in K + ions moving out of the cell to make the neuron negatively charged again.

    Step 4:

    Hyperpolarization: K + ions floods back at such a speed that a charge of - 75 mV is reached for a very short period of time before resting potential is reached again.

    Here, a neuron is at resting potential when it is not sending messages.

    Action potential is the state in which a neuron sends messages down the axon away from the cell body. Action Potential fires when depolarization reaches - 55 mV.
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