A condition where warmer air lies above cooler air, limiting vertical circulation and trapping pollutants near the surface, is.

Answer: Temperature inversion

Explanation: Temperature inversion is a reverse of the normal temperature flow or distribution of the air, it usually causes temperature to rise as altitude increase towards the troposphere instead of reduction of temperature.

Temperature inversion is caused when warm, dense air flow above cold, less dense air. Temperature inversion is hazardous to man as it traps pollutants close to the Earth surface, this condition limits vertical circulation.