A clerk can lift cylindrical packages 1 meter vertically, or can roll them up a 2-meter-long ramp to the same elevation. With the ramp, the applied force required is aboutA. twice as much. B. half as muchC. four times as muchD. the same

For lifting the object vertically, force to be applied is equal to its weight

So in the first case applied force = mg

In the second case, Only a component of mg acts along the ramp which is equal to mg sinθ where θ is inclination of ramp with horizontal

Here sinθ = 1/2

So force required = mg sinθ

= mg x 1/2

1/2 mg

So option B is correct.