Explain how longitudinal waves and transverse waves are similar to each other and different from each other.

Similar:

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For transverse waves, the waves move in perpendicular direction to the source of vibration.

For longitudinal waves, the waves move in parallel direction to the source of vibration.

They are similar in the sense that energy is transferred in the form of waves.

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Difference:

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Transverse Waves: Displacement of the medium is perpendicular to the direction of propagation of the wave.

Longitudinal Waves: Displacement of the medium is parallel to the direction of propagation of the wave.