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12 January, 00:42

The ball launcher in a pinball machine has a spring that has a force constant of 1.15 N/cm (Fig. P5.71). The surface on which the ball moves is inclined 10.0° with respect to the horizontal. If the spring is initially compressed 5.00 cm, find the launching speed of a 0.100 kg ball when the plunger is released. Friction and the mass of the plunger are negligible.

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  1. 12 January, 01:01
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    Given that,

    Spring constant = 1.15N/cm

    k=1.15N/cm

    Let convert k to N/m

    1m=100cm

    So, k=1.15N/cm*100cm/1m=115N/m

    Angle of inclination is 10°

    Compression e = 5cm

    e=0.05m

    Mass of ball is m=0.1kg

    Now, the energy in the spring is transferred to both kinetic energy and potential energy

    Now, the Spring energy is given as

    Us = ½kx²

    Us = ½ * 115 * 0.05²

    Us = 0.14375J

    Kinetic energy is calculated as

    K. E=½mv²

    K. E=½*0.1*v²

    K. E=0.05v²

    Also, the potential energy is given as

    P. E=mgh

    The height with the transfer will be given using trigonometry

    SinΘ = opp/hyp

    SinΘ = h/e

    h = eSinΘ

    h = 0.05 Sin10

    h = 0.00868m

    Let, g=9.81m/s²

    Then, mgh

    P. E = 0.1*9.81*0.000868

    P. E = 0.008517J

    Now applying conservation of energy

    Energy stored in spring = change in Kinetic energy plus change in potential energy

    Us = ∆K. E + ∆P. E

    Us=K. Ef - K. Ei + P. Ef - P. Ei

    0.14375=0.05v² - 0 + 0.008517 - 0

    0.14375 - 0.008517=0.05v²

    0.135233=0.05v²

    0.135233/0.05=v²

    2.70466=v²

    v=√2.70466

    v=1.64m/s

    So the launched speed is 1.64m/s
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