James is a researcher examining the effects of vitamin d deficiency on mood. based on everything he has read, he speculates that if an individual has a low vitamin d level, then he/she may experience changes in mood. james's speculation can also be described as a

James' speculations can be described as a casual hypothesis. It is because he tries to formulate intelligent guesses base on the information that he had receive in which it describes that he is formulating the hypothesis. A hypothesis is a way of making an intelligent or an educated guess in specific thing before the person experiments it on and test if his or her guess were true or valid.