Explain how the physical landscape and has affected the development of agriculture and industry in the ancient world

Let's take for example ancient Egypt. Their landscape was mostly a desert, with the Nile and fertile ground around it.

This has influenced the industry by making more favorable conditions for establishing cities on the shore of Nile, and it supported transport along the Nile. The influence on agriculture that it had was that it lead to (demanded and supported) the development of the irrigation system.