Dr. Shigoka is interested in determining which central nervous system structures contribute to personality development. Dr. Shigoka will likely use

Event sampling

Explanation:

Event sampling refers to a study method, in which the will highlight several specific situations that they expected to appear during the study and the researcher will directly record the number of time each situations occurs.

In the case above, we know Dr. Shigoka is interested in determining which central nervous system structures contribute to personality development.

To find this out, Dr. Shigoka will have to monitor the subject's brain and record which region of the brain light up everytime they show different types of emotion. The area that light up the most will be the one that give more contribution to the personality development. Because of this, event sampling will be the most apporpriate to record the number of times a certain area light up.