What are the two basic ways in which the norms of society are enforced?

Actually the two basic ways in which the norms of society are enforced is, 1] Its through emotional blackmailing the people in a way which affects their future life by misguiding and showing wrong paths as a punishment for not following their norms. 2] Its through the positive publicity covering the core of the people in each and every wards, there by spreading the good words through mouth publicity as far as possible.