The text describes orphanages in Romania in which all of the infants had been seriously deprived. What was found regarding cognitive development for the children who were adopted when they were older than six months of age? a) They recovered extremely quickly. b) They recovered very slowly, but by the time they were 18 were similar to others their age. c) They were initially impaired but recovered by the time they were 2 years old. d) They had a rate of cognitive impairment several times higher than the children adopted at less than 6 months of age.

D. They had a rate of cognitive impairment several times higher than the children adopted at less than 6 months of age.

Explanation:

In the research study, titled "Child-to-adult neurodevelopmental and mental health trajectories after early life deprivation: the young adult follow-up of the longitudinal English and Romanian Adoptees study" using the data from the English and Romanian Adoptees study to assess whether deprivation-associated adverse neurodevelopmental and mental health outcomes persist into young adulthood.

It was concluded among other conclusions that regarding cognitive development for the children who were adopted when they were older than six months of age they had a rate of cognitive impairment several times higher than the children adopted less than six months of age.

Published on February 2017, the research study was carried out by Edmund J. S. Sonuga-Barke et al. It was summarily concluded that Time-limited, early-life exposures to institutional deprivation are factors characterized with disorders in childhood.