The constitution limits the government's ability to suspend writs of habeas corpus. what does this protect individuals against

The answer is; "this project individuals against unlawful incarceration".

We can define unlawful incarceration as "wrongful or false imprisonment", and Habeas corpus is a a writ requiring a man to be brought under the steady gaze of a judge or court, particularly for examination of a restriction of the individual's freedom, utilized as an assurance against unlawful detainment.