Of the three philosophies competing for attention in medieval China, Select one: a. Manichaeism has the largest following. b. Buddhism prevailed because of its divine visions. c. Daoism triumphed because of its philosophical underpinnings. d. Confucianism triumphed because it adhered to the Chinese social need to support the concepts of hard work and filial piety. e. neither Buddhism nor Daoism ever offered an alternative to restrictive Confucian theology.

This is the correct option:

e. neither Buddhism nor Taoism ever offered an alternative to restrictive Confucian theology.

Explanation:

During the period when the Three teachings as Taoism Confucianism and Buddhism are sometimes called existed simultaneously and influenced Chinese culture, there was considerable overlap between them.

The permeability of one school of thought with the other meant that there is a way that a person could have believed in all three at a time.

Confucianism was more of a theological way of life while Buddhism would have been the spiritual underpinning of it.