This is a paraphrased definition of which nineteenth century practice?

Temperance, abolition, and a whole host of other reform movements sprung up in the early nineteenth century

Explanation:

Inspired by the Second Great Awakening and Transcendentalism, Americans started a number of social reform movements in the antebellum era, including the fight against alcohol and slavery, as well as the fight for public schools, humane prisons and asylums, and women's rights