According to Carol Gilligan, when women are in the first level of moral reasoning, they tend to:

a) overemphasize others.

b) overemphasize self.

c) overemphasize both self and others.

d) place proper emphasis on self in relation to others.

b) Overemphasize self

Explanation:

Carol Gilligan was an American Psychologist who worked on ethics and morality. Gilligan was a feminist and worked on women's or girls' morality level. He was the first American psychologist who focused on women's morality and asserting that women are not less in morality even they have different morality level. He states that women develop a sense of morality, relationships with care and feelings and responsibility for others. Carol's theory also called a theory of ethics care. When girls are pre-conventional stage they are concerned about their survival. At this stage, they are more selfish about themselves and caring about meets who fulfill their needs. As they grew up, there is a transition happened and now they start to think about care about others.