What were five ways that the Federalist Party and the Democratic Republic Party alike?

1. Both parties engage in and benefit from gerrymandering, the practice of redrawing district lines for partisan gain.

2. Both parties also thwart efforts to combat gerrymandering, such as amendments making gerrymandering illegal and the adoption of independent redistricting commissions.

3. At the federal level, both parties benefit from congressional mandated single-member districts.

4. Both parties control the process of formally electing the president.

5. Despite consistent polling showing that voters are unhappy with their limited choice of candidates and want more options in general elections.