He researcher's failure to protect research subjects from deductive disclosure is the primary ethical violation in which of the following studies?

A. Milgram's "Obedience to Authority" study

B. The Tuskegee study

C. Zimbardo's "Stanford Prison Experiment"

D. Harvard "Tastes, Ties, and Time (T3) " study (2006-2009) " study

The answer is D. In Harvard's "Tastes, Ties and Time" stsudy, the primary ethical violation was the failure to protect research subjects from deductive disclosure.

This study consisted of the gathering and releasing of data from the social network account of an entire class of college students, through a three year period. The ethical violations of the study have been discussed because, although researchers inteded to protect the identity of the students by removing their names and other private information from the data, the identity of the school which was also to remain anonymous was quickly figured out, and in consequence, subjects were also identified.

In this case, deductive disclosure was an ethical violation because, even though the identity of the subjects was not revealed, it was possible to identify them.