What did a researcher identify by timing participants on how long they took to name colors when the semantic meaning of the word differed from the color it was presented in?

Stroop effect

Explanation:

Stroop effect: In psychology, the term "Stroop effect" is defined as an affirmation of "cognitive interference" in which a delay or late in reaction time of a specific task happens because of a "mismatch" in particular stimuli.

According to the psychologists, the "Stroop effect" has been used to develop various psychological tests i. e, Stroop test that is being widely utilized in many clinical investigation and practices.

In the question above, the given statement represents the "Stroop effect".