Which musical scale uses both whole steps and half steps to create the familiar sound of (do-re-mi-fa-sol-la-ti-do) ?

Diatonic Scale.

Explanation:

1) The Diatonic Scale uses 5 whole steps and 2 half steps, i. e. the 7 pitches also called "natural: Do Re Mi Fa Sol La Ti Do" (C major scale).

2) To create the "Do Re Mi Fa Sol La Ti Do" the scale in which most instruments are tuned in, we follow this interval arrangement.

Do-Re (1 step)

Re-Mi (1 step)

Mi - Fa (1 half step)

Fa-Sol (1 step)

Sol-Lá (1 step)

Lá-Si (1 step)

Ti-Do (half step)