A cell is lacking in its supply of amino acids. Which of the following will occur?

A - mRNA will not be formed because enzymes may not be present.

B - The ribosomes will not work properly because there will be no proteins.

C - tRNA may not be able to fulfill its job.

D - all of the above

D (All of the above)

Explanation:

Amino acids are monomers or building blocks of proteins in living cells. A cell that is lacking in amino acids supply i. e. unable to get or gets amino acids in little amount will not be able to perform all the listed functions in the options.

This is because, enzymes are proteinous molecules i. e. they are made up of proteins and enzymes catalyse the synthesis of many molecules in the body including Messenger RNA (mRNA) - RNA polymerase is the enzyme that performs this process specifically during transcription where it uses the information in DNA template.

In a normal cell, the ribosome is a complex containing ribosomal RNA and other enzymes (proteins). It is the site of protein synthesis. Proteins are formed in the ribosome with the aid of transfer RNA, which reads the mRNA codon and carries the amino acid it encodes to the growing chain. But in a case where there is limitation of amino acid, there will be no amino acid for tRNA to carry, hence the ribosome won't be able to perform it's function of protein synthesis.

Transfer RNA (tRNA) is a type of RNA that matches an mRNA codon with its amino acid. It reads the codon using its anticodon and carries the corresponding amino acid. In a short supply of amino acid in the cell, the tRNA can read the mRNA codon but there will be no amino acid to carry. Hence, altering its function.