s each statement true or false? All spontaneous reactions occur quickly. The reverse of a spontaneous reaction is nonspontaneous. All spontaneous processes release heat. The boiling of water at 100°C and 1 atm is spontaneous. If a process increases the freedom of motion of the particles of a system, the entropy of the system decreases. The energy of the universe is constant; the entropy of the universe decreases toward a minimum.

1 - False

2 - True

3 - False

4 - True

5 - False

6 - False

Explanation:

1. The rate of the reaction depends on the temperature, the pressure, the concentration of the reactions and the presence of a catalyst because the activation energy must be transpassed. So, a spontaneous reaction can occur quickly or slowly.

2. If a reaction occurs spontaneously, it means that the entropy is increasing, so, for the reversible reaction, the entropy will decrease, and it would be nonspontaneous.

3. The spontaneous process can be endothermic or exothermic. If it's endothermic it's gaining heat, if it's exothermic, it's releasing heat.

4. The water boils at 100ºC when the pressure is 1 atm, the randomness increases in this situation because the molecules gain energy, and then the entropy increases, so the process is spontaneous.

5. When a process increases the freedom of motion of the particles, it means that it increases the randomness, so the entropy increases.

6. For the first law of thermodynamics, the energy is conserved, so the energy of the universe is constant; but the entropy intends to increase by the second law of thermodynamics, to a high state of randomness.